58 | Moćne žene » Powerful women DAN ŽENA / WOMEN’S DAY Draga Ljočić (1855–1926) doktorka, feministkinja, patriotkinja Prva srpska doktorka medicinskih nauka u Srbiji i četvrta u Evropi, Draga je bila prva žena koja se upisala na beogradsku Veliku školu zahvaljujući rupi u zakonu, gde nije stajalo da su fakulteti samo za muškarce, jer se to podrazumevalo. Pola godine kasnije otišla je na studije medicine u Cirih, odakle se vratila sa diplomom, postavši tako prva žena lekar u Srbiji. Učestvovala je u srpsko-turskim ratovima, Srpsko-bugarskom ratu, balkanskim ratovima i Prvom svetskom ratu. Odlikovana je činom poručnika nakon Bitke na Šumatovcu. RedovnačlanicaSrpskog lekarskog društva od 1880, borila se za lekarsku praksu, koju je izborila na urgenciju kraljice Natalije, ali i kad je dobila državnu službu, nije imala istu platu, kao ni penziju. Zbog zahteva da ima istuplatukao i njenemuškekolege, dobila je otkaz! DRAGA LJOČIĆ (1855-1926) PHYSICIAN, FEMINIST, PATRIOT Thefirst ladydoctor ofmedical sciences in Serbia and only the fourth in Europe, Draga was the first female to enrol in the Belgrade Higher School, thanks to a “loophole in the law” that didn’t specify that colleges were exclusively intended for males, as that was considered a given. She departed six Nadežda Petrović (1873–1915) slikarka Rođena Čačanka, Nadežda je završila Višu žensku školu u Beogradu i slikarstvo usavršavala u Minhenu i Parizu. U slikarskoj i crtačkoj školi Kirila Kutlika bila je prva učenica ženskog odeljenja, a prvu samostalnu izložbu imala je 1900. godine. Nadežda je učestvovala u osnivanju Kola srpskih sestara i 1903. godine bila prva sekretarka tog društva. Jedna je od prvih modernih umetnica, a tokomboravka u Parizu upoznala je prvake avangarde poput Pikasa, Rodena i Matisa. Uprkos talentu, bila je i meta raznih kritičara, koji su tvrdili da „gospođica nema ukusa“ kako zbog novog stila, tako i zbog rodnih predrasuda. Zagovarala je približavanje umetnosti svim društvenim slojevima i smatrala da ne treba da bude privilegija bogatih i obrazovanih. Tokom balkanskih ratova i Prvog svetskog rata radila je kao bolničarka. U Valjevskoj bolnici obolela je od tifusa i umrla. Njen život i poslednji dani opisani su u knjizi Vreme smrti Dobrice Ćosića. Slika Dereglije na Savi smatra se jednom od prvih impresionističkih slika u srpskoj umetnosti. NADEŽDA PETROVIĆ (1873-1915) PAINTER A native of Čačak, Nadežda graduated from the Higher Women's School in Belgrade and completed her fine art studies in Munich and Paris. She was the first student of the female department of Cyril Kutlik’s Serbian School of Painting and Drawing, and her first solo exhibition was held in 1900. Nadežda was among the co-founders of the Circle of Serbian Sisters, serving as the organisation’s first secretary in 1903. Among the first modern artists, it was during her time in Paris that she met the leaders of the avantgarde, including Picasso, Rodin and Matisse. Despite her talent, she was also targeted by various critics who claimed that “the lady has no taste”, both due to the new style and gender prejudice. She advocated for art to be open to all social strata, believing that it shouldn’t be an exclusive privilege of the wealthy and highly educated. She served as a nurse during the Balkan Wars andWorldWar I, until she fell ill with typhoid at the Valjevo Hospital and died. Her life story and final days are depicted in Dobrica Ćosić’s book A Time of Death. Her painting Ships Down the Sava is considered one of Serbian art’s first impressionist paintings. TEKST: BRANKA CONIĆ, DIREKTORKA DOMA JEVREMA GRUJIĆA, DR GORDANA BEKČIĆ I ISTORIČARKA UMETNOSTI RUŽICA OPAČIĆ FOTOGRAFIJE: PRIVATNA KOLEKCIJA, GALERIJA MPB U POŽAREVCU, MUZIKOLOŠKI INSTITUT SANU, NARODNI MUZEJ VALJEVO, ARHIVA NARODNE BIBLIOTEKE, VIKIPEDIA, UNIVERZITETSKA BIBLIOTEKA, ARHIVA MUZEJA GRADA BEOGRADA, RIZNICASRPSKA, ISTORIJSKI ARHIV BEOGRADA, MUZEJ POZORIŠNE UMETNOSTI SRBIJE months later to begin medical studies in Zurich, returning with a degree and thus becoming the first lady doctor in Serbia. Sheparticipated in theSerbianOttomanWars, theSerbian-Bulgarian War, the BalkanWars andWorldWar I, receiving the rank of lieutenant after the Battle of Šumatovac. A fullmember of theSerbianMedical Society from 1880, she fought for her right to practise medicine, and won itat theurgingofQueenNatalie, though even once she’d received a position in the health service, she didn’t receive the same salary or pension as her male counterparts. She was fired for requesting she receive the same salary as her male colleagues!
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