OKTOBAR / OCTOBER October » Oktobar | 105 OSCARWILDE BORN Oscar Wildewas born in Dublin, grewup in Ireland and went to England to attendOxford, where he graduatedwith honours in 1878. Hewrote delightful fairy tales for his children that were published in 1888. And it was in 1890 that his only novel, The Picture of Dorian Gray, was published serially, appearing in book form the following year. His plays, including The Importance of Being Earnest (1895), proved successful andmade hima popular andwell-knownwriter. He died of acutemeningitis in Paris in 1900. SARTRE WINS AND DECLINES NOBEL PRIZE Jean-Paul Sartrewas awarded the Nobel Prize for literature on 22nd October 1964, but he declined the prestigious award. He refused the award because he considered that awriter who accepts political, social, or literary positionsmust act only with the help of his ownmeans – i.e., thewrittenword. All honours that he accepts expose his readers to pressure, which he did not consider desirable. “If I sign as Jean-Paul Sartre, that’s not the same as Jean-Paul Sartre, Nobel Laureate. Awriter must therefore refuse to allowhimself to be transformed into an institution, even if that happens under themost honourable of circumstances, as in this case.” Rođen je Oskar Vajld Oskar Vajld rođen je u Dablinu. Odrastao je u Irskoj i otišao u Englesku na Oksford, gde je sa odličnim uspehom diplomirao 1878. Za svoju decu napisao je divne bajke, objavljene 1888. Dve godine kasnije stiže njegov jedini roman Slika Dorijana Greja, a potom i niz drama, među kojim je bila i Važno je zvati se Ernest , što mu donosi status popularnog i priznatog pisca. Umro je u Parizu od akutnog meningitisa 1900. Sartr dobija i odbija Nobelovu nagradu Dana 22. oktobra 1964. Žan-Pol Sartr dobija Nobelovu nagradu za književnost, koju odbija da primi. Nagradu je odbio jer je smatrao da pisac koji prihvata političke, društvene ili književne pozicije mora delovati samo pomocu sredstava koja su njegova – to jest pisanom reči. Sve počasti koje primi izlažu njegove čitaoce pritiscima, koje nije smatrao poželjnim. „Ako se potpišem kao Žan-Pol Sartr, to nije isto kao Žan-Pol Sartr, dobitnik Nobelove nagrade. Pisac stoga mora odbiti da dozvoli sebi transformaciju u ustanovu, čak i ako se to dogodi pod najpovoljnijim okolnostima, kao u ovom slučaju.“ 1 6 . OKTOBAR / 1 6TH OCTOB ER 1 854 2 2 . OKTOBAR / 2 2ND OCTOB ER 1 964 FOTO: Profimedia.rs / Heritage Images FOTO: Profimedia.rs / akg-images
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